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Foul discrepancy breakdown

kcg88

Heisman Winner
Aug 11, 2017
10,863
17,363
113
All right, here's the data. I looked at every Big Ten game of ours and charted the fouls. I removed fouls at the end of games that were intentional... for example, in the Wisconsin game we were called for 19 fouls, but four of those came in the final 1:30 to force the Badgers to the line. I only removed fouls late from the trailing team that were committed early early on in the shot clock. So when Montez Mathis committed a WTF foul against Penn State up by 4 with 14 seconds left, that's still included here.

hC3fBm6.png


The results: We've gotten whistled for 9 more non-intentional fouls than our opponents. Now that doesn't really say anything conclusive, as Illinois' in-your-face defense is going to foul a lot more often than Michigan's ultra-disciplined defense. Conversely, some teams are better than others at drawing fouls, like Minnesota thanks mainly to Jordan Murphy. It's not like every team "should" be at a perfect zero balance here.

For reference, Rutgers' FTA/FGA is 29.9, so basically middle of the pack. In fact, Rutgers is ranked #7 in the conference in the rate of both fouls drawn and fouls committed.

With that said, some observations:
1. The Iowa game, sigh. I felt at the time and feel now that was a poorly-officiated game. At the very very least we got zero benefit of a home whistle.
2. Being -6 over two games against Michigan State (which the numbers show foul at about the same rate we do) is kinda lame.
3. If you're interested, the home/road split is that we're -2 at home and -7 on the road. Makes sense.
4. The Penn State game is bad but not as bad as it looks. I remember it being very sloppy and physical and we committed two dumb fouls near the end. Still, even if it were -4 instead of -6, that's about as bad as it gets especially considering Penn State fouls more often than we do, on average.
5. Indiana fans maybe have a case to be about their loss to us, given that we were +4 against them and they foul less than us on average. Then again they were without two starters and two guys who barely play for them (Forrester and Moore) combined for 5 fouls in 12 minutes.

This obviously doesn't account for the dozen other things refs do that impact games (non-calls, out of bounds touches, etc) but those are obviously way harder to quantify.

Overall, my impression is that this aspect of refereeing has a very slight negative impact on us. Maybe we beat Iowa with a better whistle, but maybe we lost to Ohio State if it's a 0 or -1 instead of a +2 game. While frustrating, there are a lot more important factors but it's easier to get worked up at the refs.
 
What about momentum and runs and makeup calls?

I think the Iowa game showed a HUGE foul discrepancy n the 2nd half and a huge Free Throw discrepancy in the 1st half.. and then the refs called a run of fouls against Iowa which "evened things up". But the damage was done.

Even when we're the guys driving to the hoop and getting contact it doesn't seem like we get the automatic calls and the benefit of the doubt that some teams do... not unless there is a huge discrepancy already on the board.

But that took a lot of work.. so thanks.
 
All right, here's the data. I looked at every Big Ten game of ours and charted the fouls. I removed fouls at the end of games that were intentional... for example, in the Wisconsin game we were called for 19 fouls, but four of those came in the final 1:30 to force the Badgers to the line. I only removed fouls late from the trailing team that were committed early early on in the shot clock. So when Montez Mathis committed a WTF foul against Penn State up by 4 with 14 seconds left, that's still included here.

hC3fBm6.png


The results: We've gotten whistled for 9 more non-intentional fouls than our opponents. Now that doesn't really say anything conclusive, as Illinois' in-your-face defense is going to foul a lot more often than Michigan's ultra-disciplined defense. Conversely, some teams are better than others at drawing fouls, like Minnesota thanks mainly to Jordan Murphy. It's not like every team "should" be at a perfect zero balance here.

For reference, Rutgers' FTA/FGA is 29.9, so basically middle of the pack. In fact, Rutgers is ranked #7 in the conference in the rate of both fouls drawn and fouls committed.

With that said, some observations:
1. The Iowa game, sigh. I felt at the time and feel now that was a poorly-officiated game. At the very very least we got zero benefit of a home whistle.
2. Being -6 over two games against Michigan State (which the numbers show foul at about the same rate we do) is kinda lame.
3. If you're interested, the home/road split is that we're -2 at home and -7 on the road. Makes sense.
4. The Penn State game is bad but not as bad as it looks. I remember it being very sloppy and physical and we committed two dumb fouls near the end. Still, even if it were -4 instead of -6, that's about as bad as it gets especially considering Penn State fouls more often than we do, on average.
5. Indiana fans maybe have a case to be about their loss to us, given that we were +4 against them and they foul less than us on average. Then again they were without two starters and two guys who barely play for them (Forrester and Moore) combined for 5 fouls in 12 minutes.

This obviously doesn't account for the dozen other things refs do that impact games (non-calls, out of bounds touches, etc) but those are obviously way harder to quantify.

Overall, my impression is that this aspect of refereeing has a very slight negative impact on us. Maybe we beat Iowa with a better whistle, but maybe we lost to Ohio State if it's a 0 or -1 instead of a +2 game. While frustrating, there are a lot more important factors but it's easier to get worked up at the refs.

Nice post. I've felt refs generally don't make a big difference in most games, but occasionally do (agree on Iowa). However, there are correlations out there that show that teams with big crowds tend to get more calls at home, because the crowd can have an influence on the refs. This has been shown for major UEFA soccer leagues and the NBA; not sure on college hoops - and certainly we're not seeing any benefit this year.

http://harvardsportsanalysis.org/2017/12/nba-referee-experience-and-home-bias/
 
Nice post. I've felt refs generally don't make a big difference in most games, but occasionally do (agree on Iowa). However, there are correlations out there that show that teams with big crowds tend to get more calls at home, because the crowd can have an influence on the refs. This has been shown for major UEFA soccer leagues and the NBA; not sure on college hoops - and certainly we're not seeing any benefit this year.

http://harvardsportsanalysis.org/2017/12/nba-referee-experience-and-home-bias/

I posted this in the Refs Don't Matter Thread the other day...in B1G play we've actually had 9 more attempts. If we were shooting opponents avg. we'd have 19 more points in 16 games (not counting for a few more due to missed front ends). ON AVERAGE...That's just over a point a game. More about our shooting than calls. Has it mattered in a couple..yup. Every shot and call does in those tight ones.

Made Att %
RU 176 276 63.8
Opp 189 267 70.8
RU 195 0.708 (if)
Diff. +19


HOWEVER, taking 2 points away on a missed goal tend is way more important than us getting those same 2 points on 4 foul shots. We just need to shoot better. (lol...we all know this)
 
I did a big deep dive on foul calls on the women's bball side, and one of the takeaways was that just looking at foul discrepancy really only shows a tiny part of the picture.

One issue that we didn't discuss over there is that an equal # of fouls called assumes that both team commit the same number of fouls each game, which I feel is a poor assumption. Let's say a game had a perfectly even 17-17 balance of fouls called.... but if one were to review the game to grade the ref, it turned out it should have been 18-24, with one team getting away with a handful more non-calls than the other.

This kind of goes to the concept in football of interfering on every deep pass play - the ref isn't going to call all of them (see: RU v. Cincinnati, 2006).

It also doesn't take into account non-foul calls that may or may not show up in a stat sheet (an incorrect last touch out of bounds that preserves possession for a team would be invisible, for instance).

What I'd love to see, but almost certainly never will, are the grades these refs get for games after the fact. I know they go through a review process (though I don't know if it's 100% of their games), but I'd love to see how other trained observers rate their performance on certain calls. It's one of the great things that we're now seeing on TV with retired officials in the booth to chime in on what they see on instant replay.
 
I did a big deep dive on foul calls on the women's bball side, and one of the takeaways was that just looking at foul discrepancy really only shows a tiny part of the picture.

One issue that we didn't discuss over there is that an equal # of fouls called assumes that both team commit the same number of fouls each game, which I feel is a poor assumption. Let's say a game had a perfectly even 17-17 balance of fouls called.... but if one were to review the game to grade the ref, it turned out it should have been 18-24, with one team getting away with a handful more non-calls than the other.

This kind of goes to the concept in football of interfering on every deep pass play - the ref isn't going to call all of them (see: RU v. Cincinnati, 2006).

It also doesn't take into account non-foul calls that may or may not show up in a stat sheet (an incorrect last touch out of bounds that preserves possession for a team would be invisible, for instance).

What I'd love to see, but almost certainly never will, are the grades these refs get for games after the fact. I know they go through a review process (though I don't know if it's 100% of their games), but I'd love to see how other trained observers rate their performance on certain calls. It's one of the great things that we're now seeing on TV with retired officials in the booth to chime in on what they see on instant replay.

Agree with all of these points. I included each team's season-long defensive FTA/FGA rate for context. Should have also included teams' fouls drawn rate on offense.

For example, Minnesota fouls slightly more than us on defense, but draws many more fouls than we do on offense. So combine that with the fact they were at home, and a -3 differential makes a lot of sense.
 
I love our coach, so don't get it wrong. IMHO, more important would be him being just a "tad" more on the refs lol. Its part of the game and we've all seen how some coaches work them and get more calls and can even change flow of game.

Pike's a class act. But I'll still never forget the Kevin Bannon stare.
Players can't say crap so it is up to the coaches to defend them.
 
All fouls aren't created equal. They can start and stop momentum especially if they come in groups in a row. There are also fouls that are just bad calls or bad non calls. It's really hard to account for it with stats. To me it's more something you see from watching the game
 
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I love our coach, so don't get it wrong. IMHO, more important would be him being just a "tad" more on the refs lol. Its part of the game and we've all seen how some coaches work them and get more calls and can even change flow of game.

Pike's a class act. But I'll still never forget the Kevin Bannon stare.
Players can't say crap so it is up to the coaches to defend them.
Pikiell has been on the refs hard the last 6 or so games and a lot more all year compared to first few years.
 
And also leaves out fouls not called or erroneously called, goal tending calls, break away fouls, out of bounds calls, no force out calls, not calling time out.

It's a helluva lot more than mere fouls called.
 
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Another piece stats can't show is foul trouble. A bad foul that puts someone on the bench or a missed call that keeps someone on the floor can have huge impact on the game
 
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