I believe the reason is weight. For a train, or even a semi pulling a trailer, there would need to be a huge battery, which weighs a lot. Where as hydrogen is obviously very light.Another look at future (possibly?) hydrogen fuel cell vehicles:
![]()
We Ride in Toyota’s Hydrogen-Powered Big Rig
Hydrogen fuel cell trucks could be the quiet revolutionwww.autoweek.com
Also, talked on Sunday w/a friend who's a mechanical engineer that specializes in trains/railways/etc. Asked him why Germany would've built hydrogen fuel cell powered trains recently, instead of just using battery powered trains.
He said they probably avoided the electrical powered trains using wire because of the expense, something like $4M per mile (in the US, at least, IIRC the number he gave). And he said that electric battery trains are mostly useless at the moment given the speed at which the batteries run out of juice. They have some, but they are only special-use, as short-run shuttles, in the case of NJ Transit, I think it's actually out in Long Island, but not sure - kind of a proof of concept. Says it'll be a while before battery tech gets good enough to power locomotives via battery due to the energy drain. At least for normal length runs.
I think he said NJ transit is required to produce plans for a battery powered train that can be implemented on a wider scale than what's in use now. So they're working on it. But it won't work, except perhaps as hybrid solutions, anytime soon.
OTOH, overhead electric trains are still being built, using catenary, despite the extreme cost and ugliness of it.
A scan of current articles shows a lot of interest in battery-powered trains, and some efforts to try to get stuff up and running using that tech. But nothing concrete other than concepts/proofs-of-concept/early stage tests/etc.
Supposedly for that reason, fuel cells have more potential in larger applications like trains and semi's.