This is a good article, thanks (and the examples are drawn from many industrial products, not just those from the health care industry/Pharma). People, including scientists, need to be skeptical about the science they do/oversee and about the science they read about (that's the whole point of the peer review process). Skepticism about scientific experiments and results saved my ass countless times in the real world of chemical process development, formulation development and scale up to manufacturing, as well as colleagues of mine who were responsible for clinical development of new drugs/vaccines.
Fortunately, I never experienced any pressure from senior management when the science indicated we might have problems with some element of a process, even if resolving those problems could have been "ignored" rather than addressed, which always took time and money (delaying approval at times), which is completely opposite of what some scientists either experienced or, sadly, championed at other companies where problems were hidden or ignored, as per that paper.
However, I would say that for cases like the science underpinning anthropogenic global warming, risks to marine mammals from offshore windmills, and much of the science related to the pandemic (even the vaccines were co-developed with academic partners for the most part, most famously the case with the partnership between the NIH and Moderna), much to most of that science is generated by academic scientists and/or governmental scientists, as opposed to corporate scientists and that difference is important.
None of the examples in that paper were about scientific disinformation (or even fraud) coming from academia or the government, although clearly there have been cases where government regulators bowed to intense pressure from companies/industries, which is why it's kind of surprising that people who think that could be an issue in some current situations weren't up in arms over the efforts by the previous administration to defang/sideline regulatory oversight in places like the EPA, FDA, USDA, OSHA, and elsewhere. There is no doubt that some regulations are overreach, but I'd rather have overreach than go back to the days of wanton pollution, promoting "drugs" that weren't safe or effective (we have enough of that crap already with the largely unregulated supplement industry), and Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle."
And the obvious reason for there being far less concern over the motivations of academic/government scientists relative to industrial scientists is the huge disparity in profit motives. Companies that don't innovate new products tend to not do well or go bankrupt, whereas academic/government scientists generally don't profit from their science, directly (they can by leaving and forming their own companies or going to work for industry), so their motivation to not do the best they can to publish real, actual, accurate science is far smaller.
None of this means there aren't glaring exceptions, but, on average, far less of it is observed. But since it can still happen, as I said above, that's why we have the scientific peer review process, which is imperfect, but far better than not having it in place. Because of these scientific integrity motivations and safeguards, it's rare that we see fraud or disinformation in peer reviewed science, which is why there are essentially little to no peer reviewed scientific papers successfully challenging well-established science, such as evolution, global warming, and the effectiveness of the vast majority of vaccines (and, so far, the safety of offshore windmills with regard to marine mammals). As Dr. David Gorski put it so well, "science has everything to do with developing a consensus that, of course, can be challenged with evidence." Personally, I'd be the happiest person on the planet if someone came along who truly discovered some other explanation for why the planet is warming, assuming it wasn't human activity, as that would mean we could focus efforts on something other than nearly every human activity.
Tagging
@SkilletHead2 since we've discussed these topics many times...
https://www.respectfulinsolence.com/category/antivaccination_lunacy/